Coverage

129 transaction types in ten areas. Each one has a written spec: the business trigger, the journal entries, the FIFO effects, the validations, how it reverses, and US GAAP notes.

This page is generated from the spec catalog, as of 2026-11-10 (schema v107). The first sentence of each spec's business trigger is shown below each type.

AreaTypesFor example
Foundations26chart of accounts, journals, period close, opening balances, multi-currency, intercompany
Sales and receivables21orders, invoices, receipts, credits, returns, dunning, credit losses, rebates
Purchasing and payables18receipts, bills, payments, approvals, discounts, purchase tax, rebate accruals
Inventory18FIFO layers, transfers, cycle counts, units, write-downs, intercompany stock
Fixed assets14depreciation, impairment, disposals, held for sale, capitalized interest
Reporting12trial balance, statements, cash flow, notes, consolidation, translation
Production7component issues, finished goods, WIP, labor and overhead, variances
Banking6bank transactions, transfers, reconciliation, foreign-currency accounts
Leases6lessee leases, modifications, terminations, right-of-use impairment
Tax1sales and use tax by jurisdiction and effective date

Foundations (26)

  • TX-001
    Manual / adjusting journal entry
    An accountant needs to record a financial event that no business document posts.
  • TX-002
    Period close with income summary
    After a fiscal period ends and its books are final, the controller (or a close-management app acting for them) closes it.
  • TX-003
    Chart of accounts maintenance
    The controller, or an accountant working for them, keeps the chart of accounts in step with the business: an account for a new expense, a new bank, a new revenue stream; a header that groups accounts for the statements; a rename; a…
  • TX-004
    Control account mapping
    During setup (before TX-006's opening balance), the controller maps each role the company will use to an account of the new chart.
  • TX-005
    Source system registration
    Before a new integration (a sales portal, a warehouse worker, a bank-feed importer, a migration tool) can write to the ledger, an administrator registers it as a writer with a code the integration then sends in X-Source-System.
  • TX-006
    Opening balances (go-live)
    A company starts using the ledger. Its books already exist in a legacy system (or on paper), and at a chosen cutover date the controller brings the position across: the closing trial balance at that date, the open customer invoices and…
  • TX-008
    Number series: document numbering
    An accountant setting up a company decides how its documents are numbered: invoices INV-000001 onward, continuing the old system's 48211 after go-live, journal entries JE-FY2026-00001 restarting each year.
  • TX-153
    Group and scale: intercompany charges (fees, interest, cost allocations)
    At each month end, Acme Manufacturing, which runs payroll, IT, and accounting for the group, bills Acme Sales a management fee of 3,000.00, recharges 1,200.00 of the insurance it paid for both, and charges interest of 150.00 on what…
  • TX-154
    Group and scale: opening intercompany balances (go-live)
    Acme Manufacturing and Acme Sales move onto this system on 2026-01-01, cutting over at 2025-12-31.
  • TX-160
    Multi-currency 1: currencies, exchange rates, and foreign-currency balances
    Acme Manufacturing borrows €100,000.00 from a German bank on 2026-10-01, when €1 = $1.0800.
  • TX-162
    Multi-currency 3: customer and vendor documents in a foreign currency (SG-246)
    Acme Manufacturing (USD) sells to Kunde GmbH, which is invoiced in euros, and buys consulting from Berater BV, which bills in euros.
  • TX-164
    Multi-currency 5: intercompany documents across currencies
    Acme Manufacturing (USD) lends Acme GmbH (EUR) $108,000.00 on 2026-10-01 to fund its start.
  • TX-165
    Multi-currency 6: foreign prepayments and overpayments (SG-252)
    Kunde GmbH, invoiced in euros, sends a €10,000.00 deposit on 2026-10-01 (€1 = $1.0800) for an order that ships in November.
  • TX-169
    Multi-currency 10: escheat and balance write-offs of foreign credits (SG-256)
    Kunde GmbH overpaid Acme Manufacturing (USD) by €200.00 on 2026-10-15 (€1 = $1.0900) and left a €1,000.00 deposit for an order it never placed.
  • TX-223
    Intercompany completion: intercompany balance adjustments and forgiveness
    Acme Holdings owns Acme Manufacturing and Acme Sales.
  • TX-225
    Intercompany completion 4: opening intercompany balances across different cutover dates
    Acme Manufacturing and Acme Sales, both in group ACME, move onto this system in two waves.
  • TX-227
    Multi-currency 11: sales and purchase tax on foreign-currency documents (SG-254)
    Acme Manufacturing (USD, Virginia) sells widgets to Kunde Inc., the Richmond branch of a German group whose supply contract is in euros, so Kunde is a euro customer (TX-162 D1).
  • TX-231
    Multi-currency 15: intercompany balances of a long-term-investment nature (SG-260)
    Acme Manufacturing (USD) funds Acme GmbH (EUR) with a $1,000,000.00 loan on 2026-10-01 that it does not expect GmbH to repay.
  • TX-232
    Hardening 1: database backstops and the intercompany balance at every date (SG-173, SG-284, SG-315, SG-331, SG-335)
    GmbH repays its parent $1,000.00 on 11-15 against a $1,000.00 advance of 10-01; a clerk then back-dates a second $1,000.00 repayment to 10-20, expecting the $1,000.00 advance of 12-01 to cover it.
  • TX-234
    Write performance: one company check per change, and the indexes the checks need (SG-344)
    Any write by any writer.
  • TX-235
    Hardening 3: every journal entry belongs to its document and closes with its transaction (SG-347)
    Any posting.
  • TX-236
    Hardening 4: opening vendor credits debit their asset (SG-358)
    A vendor credit (a credit memo the vendor owes us, TX-024) is an asset: the vendor_credit role fits debit-normal asset accounts (S-015 item 1, role_account_misfit), TX-024 debits it, and vendor_credits_as_of and the tie-out read it as a…
  • TX-238
    Hardening H-2: ledger, banking, payables, receivables and assets (SG-352, SG-354, SG-349, SG-356, SG-357, SG-361, SG-363, SG-366, SG-369, SG-372, SG-385, SG-389, SG-397)
    Phase 3 (Bill, 2026-11-07: "Fix the database gaps").
  • TX-239
    Hardening H-3: records and writers (SG-353, SG-355, SG-360, SG-365, SG-371, SG-373, SG-379, SG-381, SG-378, SG-375, SG-367)
    Phase 3 (Bill, 2026-11-07: "Fix the database gaps"), the last item.
  • TX-240
    Asset check scope: the asset link runs only when a transaction touches the asset register (SG-400)
    What this spec covers: which link is scoped (D1), the tracker's domains (D2), the scope (D3), the row tests (D4), later migrations (D5), what stays (D6), cost (D7).
  • TX-241
    Check scope by table: each consistency link runs only when its transaction wrote a table the link reads (SG-345)
    What this spec covers: why (D1); the indexes (D2); the tables a transaction wrote and the scope (D3); the journal (D4); the reconciled-statement tie-out (D5); v20 (D6); later migrations (D7); what stays and cost (D8).

Purchasing and payables (18)

  • TX-020
    Goods receipt (purchase)
    Goods the company bought arrive at a warehouse dock.
  • TX-021
    Vendor invoice (bill posting)
    A vendor's bill arrives for goods already received, for freight or duty on a receipt, or for supplies and other expenses.
  • TX-022
    Vendor payment
    Vendor bills come due. An accounts-payable clerk, or an AP app running a payment run, pays a vendor from a company bank account by check, ACH, wire, or card, and records the payment: the vendor, the bank account, the amount, the check…
  • TX-023
    Purchase return (goods back to the vendor)
    Goods from a vendor are sent back: rejected at the dock as damaged or wrong, found defective after put-away, or over-shipped.
  • TX-024
    Vendor credit memo
    A vendor sends a credit memo: for goods sent back to it (TX-023), for a price concession on goods already billed (damaged but kept, a late discount, a pricing error), or for a non-inventory charge refunded (supplies, a restocking-fee…
  • TX-025
    Vendor credit application
    A vendor's new bill arrives while the company already holds a balance with that vendor: a deposit paid ahead of an order (a vendor advance), an overpayment, or a credit memo that was not applied when it posted (a held vendor credit).
  • TX-026
    AP aging report
    An accounts-payable clerk, a controller planning cash, or an auditor testing the payables balance needs to know what the company owes each vendor and how overdue it is, as of today or a past date such as a period end.
  • TX-027
    Vendor refund
    The company holds a balance with a vendor that the vendor will not use up: a deposit on an order that was cancelled, an overpayment, or a credit memo for returned goods or a price allowance when no further bills are coming.
  • TX-059
    Payables write-offs and stale vendor balances
    A supplier closes its business and sends a letter releasing the company from a disputed 2,300.00 invoice balance: the controller writes the payable off, and the release shows as other income.
  • TX-140
    Purchasing extensions: tax on purchases (vendor-charged tax and use tax)
    The company buys office supplies from an out-of-state online seller that charges no tax: the controller enters the bill with the lines marked use_tax, and the system accrues the state and county use tax the company owes, adds it to the…
  • TX-141
    Purchasing extensions: early-payment discounts taken
    A packaging supplier bills 500.00 on October 1 on terms 2/10, net 30: 400.00 for cartons received into stock and 100.00 for office supplies.
  • TX-142
    Purchasing extensions: goods in transit under FOB shipping point
    On September 29 a supplier ships 50 frames, FOB shipping point; the truck arrives on October 3.
  • TX-143
    Purchasing extensions: vendor rebates on many purchases (ASC 705-20)
    A packaging supplier's agreement pays a 2% rebate on everything bought in the third quarter.
  • TX-144
    Purchasing extensions: bill approval, payment holds, and price tolerance
    The company sets a price tolerance of 2% or 50.00 and requires approval of every bill before payment.
  • TX-166
    Multi-currency 7: buying stock and assets from foreign vendors (SG-253)
    Acme Manufacturing (USD) orders 1,000 widgets from Lieferant AG at €10.00 each.
  • TX-167
    Multi-currency 8: foreign purchase returns, allowances, rebates, goods in transit, and opening GRNI (SG-263)
    Acme Manufacturing (USD) buys 1,000 widgets from Lieferant AG at €10.00, FOB Hamburg.
  • TX-168
    Multi-currency 9: early-payment discounts on foreign bills (SG-255)
    Acme Manufacturing (USD) owes Lieferant AG €10,200.00 on VB-801 for 1,000 widgets received at €10.00 when the euro was $1.0800 and billed at €10.20 on 11-10 (€1 = $1.1200), terms 2/10.
  • TX-221
    Vendor rebates 2: accrual of probable rebates (ASC 705-20-25-10 to 25-11)
    A distributor's agreement with its fastener supplier pays a rebate on 2026 purchases of three covered products, 2% up to 500,000.00, more above.

Sales and receivables (21)

  • TX-010
    Sales order lifecycle
    A customer places an order (by phone, through a sales portal, by EDI).
  • TX-011
    Pick list (storage to staging or shipping)
    A sales order is ready to ship. A warehouse app, or a supervisor, issues a pick list for the order: which product, how many, from which storage bin.
  • TX-012
    Goods issue (sale shipment)
    Picked goods leave the dock for a customer.
  • TX-013
    Customer invoice
    The company bills a customer for goods it has shipped or services it has performed.
  • TX-014
    Customer cash receipt
    A customer pays: a check arrives, an ACH or wire credit lands in the bank, or a card settlement posts.
  • TX-015
    Apply open credits
    A customer has money or credit sitting on account that is not yet matched to an invoice.
  • TX-016
    Sales-cycle reversals (invoice, cash receipt, and the reversal order)
    #### A — Invoice reversal
  • TX-017
    Customer credit memo
    The company owes a customer a reduction on what it billed.
  • TX-018
    Bad debt write-off
    A customer is not going to pay some or all of what it owes.
  • TX-019
    AR aging report
    A credit manager, controller, or collections app needs to know who owes the company money, and how late it is.
  • TX-050
    Customer statement
    A company sends each customer a periodic statement, usually monthly.
  • TX-051
    Customer refund
    A customer is owed money the company holds: an overpayment or a payment that never matched an invoice (unapplied cash), or a credit memo that was held rather than applied (customer credit) — a return, a price adjustment, a cancelled…
  • TX-052
    Customer return: authorization and return receipt
    A customer wants to send goods back: the wrong item, a defect, a change of mind within the return policy.
  • TX-053
    Customer return: inspection and disposition
    Returned goods sit in the returns dock (TX-052).
  • TX-054
    Customer return before invoicing
    A delivery goes out and part of it comes straight back: the driver returns refused cartons, a wrong item is sent back the next day, or a customer rejects goods before billing runs.
  • TX-055
    Credit management: limits and holds
    A customer with a 10,000.00 credit line owes 6,000.00 on open invoices and has an order for 4,000.00 not yet shipped.
  • TX-056
    Dunning: overdue handling and reminders
    Every morning a scheduled worker runs dunning for yesterday's close.
  • TX-057
    Write-off proposals from dunning
    A customer has received a reminder, a second notice, and a final notice; its orders have been on hold for two months; at 120 days past due the run reaches level 4, "Referred for write-off review", and proposes a write-off of the…
  • TX-058
    Escheat of stale customer credits
    A distributor reviews its books at year-end.
  • TX-090
    Allowance for credit losses (doubtful accounts, ASC 326)
    At the end of September the controller measures how much of the company's receivables will not be collected.
  • TX-226
    Customer rebates and volume incentives (ASC 606 variable consideration)
    A distributor's quarterly volume incentive with a hardware chain pays 2% on the chain's purchases of two product lines in the quarter, 4% on all of them if the quarter's purchases pass 100,000.00 (a retrospective tier).

Production (7)

  • TX-030
    Production order and component issue
    A plant decides to build a quantity of a finished product, such as 10 chairs.
  • TX-031
    Finished-goods receipt (production)
    Finished goods come off the production line.
  • TX-032
    Production closeout (WIP variance) and order close
    A production order is finished: every batch that will ever be made has been received (TX-031), or the order is being abandoned.
  • TX-110
    Labor and overhead: core absorption
    A furniture shop makes 10 chairs on order MO-7001.
  • TX-111
    Labor and overhead: disposition of under- and over-applied cost
    At the end of October the cost accountant closes the books.
  • TX-121
    Conversion disposition: the proration base as of the period end
    October closes on November 6. On November 2 the plant sold 2 of the 6 chairs on hand at October 31, and on November 3 it received an order that held 440.00 of WIP at October 31.
  • TX-156
    Group and scale: the WIP relief record (SG-071)
    None of its own. Whenever a production supervisor receives finished goods into stock (TX-031), or a cost accountant closes out an order's leftover WIP (TX-032), the posting writes, alongside the entry, how much it took from each WIP…

Inventory (18)

  • TX-033
    Put-away (receiving to storage)
    A goods receipt has posted (TX-020 for a purchase, T-031 for finished goods from production) and the goods sit in a receiving bin at the dock.
  • TX-034
    Inventory adjustment / scrap
    A stock count finds fewer units than the books show (shrinkage); goods are damaged in storage, expire, or become obsolete and are thrown away (scrap); a product is used internally or given away as a sample.
  • TX-035
    Bin-to-bin transfer (storage to storage)
    Stock already shelved needs to be somewhere else in the same warehouse.
  • TX-036
    Production kitting (storage to staging, for a production order)
    A production order is released (TX-030) and the shop floor wants its components brought to the line before the build starts.
  • TX-037
    Warehouse-to-warehouse transfer (ship, in transit, receive)
    The company runs more than one warehouse and needs stock where the demand is: a branch is short, a new site is being stocked, overflow is moved to a cheaper building, or a production site needs components held elsewhere.
  • TX-038
    Cycle count (count, then post the differences)
    A warehouse counts some of its stock: a cycle count of a few bins or products each week, a full count at year end, or a recount after a picker reports an empty shelf.
  • TX-039
    Stock allocation and available-to-promise
    A customer order is accepted and opened (TX-010).
  • TX-070
    Warehouse slotting (preferred bins)
    A warehouse decides where each product lives: fast movers in a pick face near the dock, bulk in overflow racks behind.
  • TX-100
    Units of measure: master data and conversions
    A distributor stocks bolts by the each but buys them by the case of 24 and sells some customers boxes of 100; it stocks coffee by the kilogram and buys it in 0.5 kg bags.
  • TX-101
    Units of measure: units on document lines
    The buyer orders 10 cases of bolts (a case holds 24) at 48.00 a case.
  • TX-102
    Units of measure: units on sales lines
    A hardware store orders 10 cases of bolts (24 each) at 48.00 a case and 3 boxes of washers (100 each) at 9.50 a box.
  • TX-151
    Group and scale: stock between companies (intercompany stock transfer)
    Acme Manufacturing builds frames that Acme Sales sells.
  • TX-180
    Inventory valuation 1: write-down to lower of cost and net realizable value (SG-266)
    Acme Manufacturing holds 300 WIDGET in MAIN at the year end: 100 received 06-10 at $10.00 ($1,000.00) and 200 received 09-15 at $12.00 ($2,400.00).
  • TX-181
    Inventory valuation 2: write-down of work in process (SG-268)
    Acme Manufacturing has production order MO-77 for 100 CHAIR half built: $3,000.00 of components and $1,200.00 of labor in WIP (1350).
  • TX-222
    Intercompany completion: sales between companies at a transfer price
    Acme Manufacturing builds frames; Acme Sales sells them to customers.
  • TX-228
    Multi-currency 12: intercompany stock across currencies (SG-259)
    Acme Manufacturing (USD) makes frames and panels.
  • TX-233
    Hardening 2: the markup carried from written-down intercompany stock (SG-337)
    A member writes down stock it bought from another member (its net realizable value fell below the transfer price), then moves that stock to another warehouse, ships it at cost to a third member, sells it on to another member, returns…
  • TX-237
    Hardening H-1: inventory and production (SG-194, SG-364, SG-370, SG-382, SG-383, SG-374, SG-376, SG-377, SG-380)
    Phase 3 (Bill, 2026-11-07: "Fix the database gaps").

Banking (6)

  • TX-040
    Bank transaction (bank-originated entries in and out)
    Money moves in or out of a company bank account for a reason that is not a customer payment: the bank charges a monthly fee or a wire fee, credits interest, corrects its own error, or the company records a loan draw, an owner…
  • TX-041
    Bank transfer (between two bank accounts of the company)
    The company moves money between its own bank accounts: it sweeps excess cash from operating checking into savings, funds the payroll account before payday, or moves money into a money-market account.
  • TX-042
    Bank reconciliation
    A bank statement arrives for one of the company's bank accounts, monthly or from a daily bank feed.
  • TX-150
    Group and scale: company groups and intercompany cash transfers
    A parent company funds its subsidiary's payroll account, a subsidiary sweeps surplus cash back to the parent, or one company in a group pays down what it owes another.
  • TX-161
    Multi-currency 2: foreign-currency bank accounts (SG-245)
    Acme Manufacturing, whose functional currency is the dollar, opens a euro account at a Frankfurt bank to pay its German suppliers and collect a euro loan.
  • TX-229
    Multi-currency 13: intercompany transfers through foreign-currency banks (SG-261)
    Acme Manufacturing (USD) lends Acme GmbH (EUR) $108,000.00 on 2026-10-01.

Tax (1)

  • TX-080
    Sales tax: core computation
    A Virginia distributor ships widgets to a contractor in Richmond.

Fixed assets (14)

  • TX-155
    Group and scale: fixed assets and depreciation
    Acme Manufacturing buys a CNC machine for 60,000.00 plus 1,200.00 freight, billed by the vendor in March and installed and running on 2026-03-20.
  • TX-190
    Long-lived assets 1: impairment of assets held and used (SG-240)
    Acme Manufacturing placed a $120,000.00 machine (FA-101, 120 months, no salvage) in service on 2026-01-15.
  • TX-191
    Long-lived assets 2: change in an asset's useful life or salvage value (SG-239)
    Acme Manufacturing placed a $120,000.00 machine (FA-101, 120 months, no salvage) in service on 2026-01-15.
  • TX-192
    Long-lived assets 3: capital additions to an asset in use (SG-241)
    Acme Manufacturing's machine FA-101 ($120,000.00, 120 months, no salvage, in service 2026-01-15) has $23,000.00 of depreciation at 2027-12-31.
  • TX-193
    Long-lived assets 4: assets held for sale (SG-270)
    Acme Manufacturing's machine FA-101 ($120,000.00, 120 months, no salvage, in service 2026-01-15) stands at $103,000.00 after June 2027's run.
  • TX-194
    Long-lived assets 5: partial disposals (SG-241)
    Acme Manufacturing's machine FA-101 ($120,000.00, 120 months, no salvage, in service 2026-01-15; $23,000.00 depreciated at 2027-12-31) had its control unit replaced in January 2028: VI-7 (2028-01-20) capitalized the new system,…
  • TX-195
    Long-lived assets 6: reductions of an asset's cost (SG-241, SG-244)
    Acme Manufacturing's machine FA-101 ($120,000.00, 120 months, no salvage, in service 2026-01-15; $23,000.00 depreciated at 2027-12-31) draws a $4,850.00 price allowance from its vendor on VCM-5 (2028-01-25) after a dispute over its…
  • TX-196
    Long-lived assets 7: construction in progress and capitalized interest (SG-241)
    Acme Manufacturing is building a plant extension (FA-201) financed partly with a construction loan.
  • TX-197
    Long-lived assets 8: change of plan for assets held for sale (SG-273)
    Acme Manufacturing classified two machines as held for sale on 2027-06-30 as one group: FA-101 (carrying $103,000.00, written down to $86,000.00) and FA-102 (carrying $18,000.00, no write-down).
  • TX-198
    Long-lived assets 9: reversal dates of fixed-asset events (SG-280)
    On 2028-01-12 Acme's controller finds that a change in estimate recorded at 2027-12-31, cutting a press's remaining life to seven months, was keyed against the wrong asset.
  • TX-199
    Long-lived assets 10: legacy changes in estimate at go-live (SG-271)
    Acme Manufacturing goes live on GAAPcore at 2026-06-30.
  • TX-200
    Long-lived assets 11: additions from stock or labor (SG-272)
    Acme Manufacturing builds a new packaging line (FA-301) in its own plant: a vendor bills the frame (VI-11, $50,000.00), the stores clerk issues six drive motors from stock to it (GI-AS-1, $7,600.00 at FIFO), and the maintenance crew…
  • TX-224
    Intercompany completion 3: fixed asset transfers between companies
    Acme Holdings owns Acme Manufacturing and Acme Sales.
  • TX-230
    Multi-currency 14: asset sale proceeds into a foreign-currency bank (SG-249)
    Acme Manufacturing (USD) sells a stamping press to a German buyer on 2026-10-15 for €30,000.00, paid into its euro account in Frankfurt.

Reporting (12)

  • TX-060
    Trial balance report
    An accountant, an auditor, or a reporting app needs the general ledger's balances at a date: to check that the books balance before a close (TX-002), to prepare financial statements, to tie the ledger to its subledgers, or to give an…
  • TX-061
    Income statement (profit and loss)
    An owner, an accountant, a lender, or a reporting app needs the company's results for a period: how much it earned, what the goods sold cost, what it spent to operate, and what was left.
  • TX-062
    Balance sheet
    An owner, a lender, an auditor, or a reporting app needs the company's financial position at a date: what it owns, what it owes, and the owners' residual interest.
  • TX-063
    Cash flow statement
    An owner, a lender, or a reporting app needs to know where the company's cash came from and went in a period: how much operations generated or consumed, how much was spent on long-lived assets, and how much came from or went to owners…
  • TX-120
    Reporting history: as-of subledgers and the close snapshot
    The auditors ask for the receivables, inventory valuation, and WIP as of last year end, tied to the trial balance.
  • TX-122
    Reporting history: customer and vendor credit balances as of a date
    A customer disputes its statement for September: it says it paid 500.00 in advance, applied 300.00 of it in October, and asked for a refund of the rest.
  • TX-123
    Reporting history: history of changing master data
    In October the controller moves "Interest income" (7100) from operating revenue to other income, as TX-003's example does.
  • TX-130
    Reporting presentation: the financial statement set and its issue
    September is closed. The controller prepares the September statements for the company's bank, which asks for a balance sheet, an income statement, and a cash flow statement each month.
  • TX-131
    Reporting presentation: the statement of changes in equity
    The owner of a small company puts 10,000.00 into the business on September 1 and takes 1,000.00 out on September 25.
  • TX-132
    Reporting presentation: notes and disclosures
    Before issuing the September set, the controller keeps three standing notes in the company's library (the business and its basis of presentation, the accounting policies, the subsequent-events text) and adds a contingency note about a…
  • TX-152
    Group and scale: consolidated statements and eliminations
    The owner of Acme Manufacturing and Acme Sales wants one balance sheet and one income statement for "Acme" as a whole, for the bank that lends to both and for their own review.
  • TX-163
    Multi-currency 4: translation and consolidation across currencies (SG-247)
    The Acme group adds Acme GmbH, a German company that keeps its books in euros, beside Acme Manufacturing (dollars).

Leases (6)

  • TX-210
    Leases 1: lessee leases — register, initial measurement, and the monthly lease run
    Acme Manufacturing signs a three-year lease of warehouse space from Harbor Properties (a vendor): 36 monthly payments of 1,000.00 in arrears, commencing 2026-01-01.
  • TX-211
    Leases 2: lease modifications and remeasurements
    Acme Manufacturing leases its warehouse from Harbor Properties (TX-210's L-001: 36 monthly payments of 1,000.00 in arrears from 2026-01-01, 6.00%, operating).
  • TX-212
    Leases 3: terminations, end of term, purchase options, and decreases in scope
    Acme Manufacturing leases its warehouse from Harbor Properties (TX-210's L-001: 36 payments of 1,000.00 in arrears from 2026-01-01, 6.00%, operating).
  • TX-213
    Leases 4: impairment of right-of-use assets
    Acme Manufacturing leases a warehouse (L-001, operating, 36 payments of 1,000.00 in arrears from 2026-01-01, 6.00%.
  • TX-214
    Leases 5: presentation and disclosure — the current portion, lease cash flows, and the lease note
    Acme Manufacturing closes December 2026 and prepares its year-end set for its bank, whose covenant tests the current ratio.
  • TX-215
    Leases 6: go-live with legacy figures, late-entered leases, and short-term leases that stop being short-term
    Three moments. Go-live: Acme Manufacturing goes live at 2025-12-31.

Known limits

Whenever the schema doesn't support or enforce something a spec needs, it's logged as a numbered gap, with a decision next to it. There are 402 so far. Most are settled, either fixed in a migration or decided by design. The rest are accepted as known limitations.

Some limits are worth knowing before you start:

  • Upgrades are planned events. Each migration assumes a database built from the same chain. Upgrade-safe migrations for databases already holding live books are on the roadmap. Until then, back up, apply new migrations to a copy, test, then upgrade.
  • GAAPcore authenticates applications, not people. Sign-in, roles and approvals are your console's job. The guide shows how.
  • US GAAP, US-centred. Multi-currency, translation and consolidation exist, and sales and use tax are US-style, by jurisdiction. There's no VAT or IFRS.
  • Lessee leases only. GAAPcore records the leases a company holds, not leases it grants.
The 183 gaps recorded as accepted known limitations

Generated from the gap log: entries recorded as "accepted as a known limitation" with no later fix noted. The first sentence of each is shown.

  • SG-044 ar_open_item holds only the current balance, and no AR view takes a date, so a past-dated aging must be rebuilt from documents and reversal-entry dates every time (TX-019 §6).
  • SG-068 Manufactured cost is material only and lumpy: no labor or overhead absorption (no labor document, rate, or applied-overhead role), and a production receipt takes all of the order's current WIP whatever quantity it receives (G-001 review).
  • SG-073 bank_transaction_line has no dimension columns, so its journal lines carry no customer_id, product_id, or warehouse_id (the journal supports them).
  • SG-078 Under S-001 D2, the consumed share of a bill-vs-receipt price difference (and of landed cost) goes to purchase_price_variance, even when the units were consumed into production (WIP or unsold finished goods), where ASC 330 would carry…
  • SG-079 Vendor tax_id and is_1099 are fields only: no Form 1099 reporting, no backup-withholding tracking.
  • SG-081 No early-payment purchase discounts taken (mirror of SG-030's discount part) and no AP write-off (debt forgiveness, ASC 405-20 extinguishment).
  • SG-083 Landed cost is allocated by the caller: one landed_cost line per receipt line, amounts chosen by the app.
  • SG-086 journal_line has a customer_id dimension but no vendor_id, so AP postings (vendor invoices, payments, credit memos) carry no vendor on the ledger; payables by vendor and the AP tie-out (SG-004) are read through the source documents only.
  • SG-087 A vendor payment has no issued-versus-released state and no void-without-reversal: a check printed but held at period end cannot be recorded as written-but-not-released, and there is no positive-pay export of issued checks.
  • SG-088 "Returned awaiting credit" (goods returned after billing, credit memo not yet received) exists only as a debit on receipt clearing per receipt line and a figure in goods_receipt_line_billing.
  • SG-094 No department, cost-center, or class dimension: journal_line carries only customer, product, and warehouse.
  • SG-095 No comprehensive income (ASC 220) or earnings per share (ASC 260): there is no other-comprehensive-income classification for equity accounts, and no share data.
  • SG-096 No presentation reclassifications: S-010 makes each account wholly current or non-current and each balance sits in its own section.
  • SG-097 No direct-method cash flow presentation (cash received from customers, paid to vendors, paid for operating expenses).
  • SG-099 No cash requirements forecast: the AP aging puts every not-yet-due bill in current, and nothing schedules payments by due week or projects bank balances.
  • SG-103 Pre-go-live stock cannot be returned to its vendor through TX-023: an opening receipt is not a purchase receipt, so it has no vendor, no receipt-clearing cost to relieve, and is not returnable.
  • SG-104 No way to dispose of a stale customer credit balance other than refunding or applying it: unclaimed unapplied cash and held credits cannot be remitted to a state under unclaimed-property (escheat) law, or released to income where the…
  • SG-110 No over-shipment tolerance: shipped ≤ picked ≤ ordered is strict (TX-011 V9, TX-012 V10), with no per-product or per-customer tolerance and no catch-weight handling for goods sold by weight or length.
  • SG-115 No request signing: a bearer API key (S-019 D1) proves possession, not that a request is fresh or unaltered.
  • SG-116 No dual control over writer administration: under S-019 an administrator cannot post, but can register a poster, issue its credential, and post through it.
  • SG-117 Direct database sessions bypass API authentication: a PostgreSQL connection can insert rows stamped with any writer's id, and nothing maps database roles to writers.
  • SG-118 No operation-level scope finer than S-019's three roles (reader, poster, administrator): a poster may call every mutating business endpoint for its companies; limiting a writer to a transaction family (for example, bank feeds only) is…
  • SG-119 Master tables (accounts, customers, vendors, products, warehouses, bins, …) carry no source_system_id, so the S-019 company-scope backstop cannot cover master writes, which stay API-enforced, and a master change records no writer.
  • SG-120 No catalog endpoint creates a company: companies come from the installer.
  • SG-121 No record of a credential's last use (S-019 section 9: not stored, to avoid a hot-row write per request), so unused or forgotten keys cannot be found from the database alone.
  • SG-122 Landed cost billed after go-live for goods received before it (freight, duty on a pre-cutover receipt) has no receipt line to target: TX-021 landed_cost lines name purchase receipt lines, and a GRNI line (T-007) is billable for its…
  • SG-123 A TX-006 GRNI line (T-007) carries no purchase-order link: an open purchase order brought across after go-live does not count the pre-cutover receipt or its billing in purchase_order_line_progress, and TX-021 V6's PO match ignores…
  • SG-124 Opening WIP (T-007) snapshots the one work_in_process role account at cutover per order: if the legacy books carried an order's WIP on several accounts, the split is not kept (TX-031/TX-032 bal(a) sees one account).
  • SG-126 journal_line.warehouse_id is not moved by a warehouse transfer (TX-037 posts no journal, D2): inventory debited with the source's dimension is later credited with the destination's, so inventory value by warehouse cannot be read from…
  • SG-128 No way to capitalize freight between the company's own warehouses: TX-037 carries the source cost only, and TX-021 landed_cost lines name purchase receipt lines, while a transfer layer has none.
  • SG-129 A vendor bill or landed cost that arrives after the goods were transferred adjusts the source layer, where the transfer counts as consumption, so TX-021 sends the transferred share to purchase price variance (S-001 D2) while the goods…
  • SG-130 A transit shortage is not tied to its transfer line: the shortfall stays in the destination's transit bin and leaves by a separate TX-034 issue, so nothing requires the write-off, links it to the line, or records a carrier claim; units…
  • SG-131 No count program: no ABC class, velocity, count frequency, or schedule, so nothing says which products or bins are due for counting.
  • SG-132 A count's book_quantity is the bin's on-hand when the count is recorded, written by the API and not checkable later: bin moves may be back-dated (SG-018, SG-062's running-balance limitation), and nothing freezes a bin while it is…
  • SG-133 No count approval controls: no tolerance by quantity or value, no requirement that a different writer post than counted, and no record of which person approved (writers are apps.
  • SG-134 Only storage bins are counted (TX-038 D2): receiving, staging, shipping, and transit bins have no count path, and their discrepancies are corrected through their own documents (put-away, pick or kit reversal, transfer receipt and TX-034…
  • SG-135 Only sales-order lines can reserve stock: production orders, kits, and warehouse transfers cannot, and those documents (and losses through TX-034 or TX-038) still take storage stock that is reserved (TX-039 D5), so reservations can…
  • SG-136 No allocation rules or backorder process: no customer or order priority, no allocation run, no automatic allocation when stock arrives, and no backorder document or notice; unallocated demand is a figure on the line and in…
  • SG-137 Available-to-promise is today's storage stock only: no future supply (open purchase orders, goods in receiving or in transit, production orders) and no time-phasing by requested date, so the system cannot quote a promise date.
  • SG-138 No slotting program: no velocity (ABC) class, demand history by bin, zones, or slot optimization, so nothing proposes which products belong in the pick face.
  • SG-139 Capacity is per product per bin, in the product's unit only: no bin capacity across products (volume, weight, dimensions, unit conversion, SG-051), so a mixed bin can be filled past what fits, and a slot's room ignores other products in…
  • SG-140 No replenishment: nothing triggers moving stock from overflow to the home slot (min/max or demand-driven), and picks draw the face first (TX-070 D4) without refilling it; replenishment is a manual bin transfer (TX-035).
  • SG-141 Slot edits keep no history and no writer: product_slot is master data without source_system_id (SG-119), so when or by whom a product's home changed is not recorded.
  • SG-142 The product-type freeze (freeze_product_identity) considers documents and BOMs, not slots: an inventory product that has product_slot rows but no documents yet can be retyped to service, which orphans its slots.
  • SG-145 No restocking fees or return-freight charges: a credit memo has only non-negative credit lines, and a return authorization carries no fee, so a fee withheld from a credit can only be shown by crediting less, which misstates the returned…
  • SG-146 No separate quarantine or inspection record for returned goods: the returns dock (a receiving bin) is the hold, so undecided returns occupy the dock and are not distinguished from other dock stock except by their return receipt line;…
  • SG-147 Rework is not costed: goods fixed in-house after failing inspection are restocked by put-away at their return cost, and the rework's labor and material are expensed where recorded (no rework order; no labor or overhead absorption, SG-068).
  • SG-148 A return to vendor of customer-returned goods needs a posted purchase receipt line of that vendor for the product with returnable quantity left (TX-023 P3, P4), and it relieves that purchase receipt's layer and clearing, not the…
  • SG-149 No replacement shipment on the same sales-order line after a return: picks and allocations are capped at the ordered quantity (TX-011 V9, TX-039), and a return does not reopen it, so goods sent again in place of returned ones need a new…
  • SG-150 No record of the numbers consumed by deleted drafts: a series never reissues a number (TX-008 D5), so a deleted draft leaves a gap with no evidence of why.
  • SG-151 One number series per company and document type, resetting never or each fiscal year: no separate series by sales channel, warehouse, or document subtype (all goods receipts, from purchase to customer return, share one), and no monthly…
  • SG-152 A claim locks its series' counter row until the claiming transaction commits (TX-008 D3), so the postings of one company serialize from their journal entry insert to commit, and creates of one document type likewise.
  • SG-153 Master data codes (account_number, customer_number, vendor_number, product sku, warehouse and bin code) are not series-managed; the caller supplies them, unique per company (or warehouse).
  • SG-154 No nexus determination or sourcing rules: the system does not decide where the seller must collect, or whether a state sources a sale by origin or destination; the caller names the invoice's tax area (defaulted from the ship-to address,…
  • SG-155 No sales-tax return, filing calendar, or remittance document: the tax charged and given back is reported by jurisdiction (sales_tax_activity), and the liability is paid by bank transaction (TX-040) or corrected by manual journal, so…
  • SG-156 Exemption certificates are a reference only: one tax_exempt_reference per customer exempts every sale from every jurisdiction; there is no certificate record, expiry, per-state or per-product scope, partial exemption, or validity check.
  • SG-157 Taxability is one flag per product: no taxability categories that differ by jurisdiction (clothing, food, software), no tax holidays, no caps, thresholds, or tiered rates, and no taxability of individual charges (freight) beyond the…
  • SG-158 Prices are tax-exclusive only: no tax-inclusive pricing (tax backed out of a gross price), and no VAT or GST (input credits, reverse charge, multi-currency invoices).
  • SG-159 Tax on credits and losses is partial: a credit memo allowance line gives back no tax (only return and price_adjustment lines on taxable invoice lines do), and a written-off receivable (TX-018) writes off its tax with it, with no claim…
  • SG-160 A sales order shows no tax: the quote or order total a customer sees excludes tax, which the invoice computes later (the order's ship-to address supplies the invoice's default tax area).
  • SG-162 No credit scoring or credit reviews: limits are entered by people; nothing derives them from payment history (days-to-pay, NSF returns), external ratings, or a periodic review schedule, and there is no credit application record.
  • SG-163 Credit decisions have no authority model or limit history: a manual release names its approver as text (writers are systems, not people), any poster in scope may release any amount, and changes to credit_limit and credit_hold_reason are…
  • SG-164 Exposure is per customer and excludes tax on unbilled order value: open orders and unbilled shipments count at their line prices without the sales tax the invoice will add (orders show no tax, SG-160), and there is no group exposure…
  • SG-165 A held order is not released automatically when a payment brings exposure back within the limit: someone calls the re-check (TX-055 D5), and a held order still allocates stock (by design, D4).
  • SG-166 Dunning notices are recorded, not delivered: the framework renders and sends nothing (no email, letters, or portal messages); the caller delivers and records the channel at issue (TX-056 D4).
  • SG-167 No late fees or finance charges: overdue balances accrue no interest and no fee; charging one would be a new invoice (revenue, with its own collectibility assessment), which nothing generates.
  • SG-168 No payment promises, payment plans, or per-item disputes: a customer is excluded from dunning only as a whole (dunning_blocked_reason), with no promised date, plan schedule, or disputed item kept out of the overdue amount.
  • SG-169 No escalation beyond the last dunning level: nothing hands an account to a collection agency, proposes a write-off (TX-018), or reports aged accounts for the allowance (SG-035).
  • SG-170 One dunning policy per company: levels cannot differ by customer, customer class, or currency, and there is no per-customer grace period beyond the level thresholds and amount floors.
  • SG-171 A write-off proposal is all or nothing at the notice's open balances: it carries no settlement amount, expected recovery, or percentage, and proposes nothing from other evidence (a bankruptcy filing, a closed business), which goes to…
  • SG-172 No customer account state for "written off" or "closed to credit": a write-off from a proposal closes the account through the manual credit hold reason (TX-055), and nothing distinguishes a written-off customer from one held for another…
  • SG-174 Dormancy is one company-wide period: no per-state periods by property type (state rules differ, typically one to five years), and no rule picks the owner's state (last known address, else the holder's state of incorporation); the…
  • SG-175 No due-diligence record: the letters most states require before escheat (sent 60 to 120 days ahead), and any owner contact that restarts dormancy, are not recorded; last activity counts postings only.
  • SG-176 No holder report, filing calendar, or remittance document: escheats are reported by query and remitted by bank transaction, so unclaimed_property_payable is not restricted, and the database cannot tell a remitted escheat from an…
  • SG-177 No release of unclaimed credits to income where the law does not require escheat (business-to-business exemptions in some states, or amounts below reporting minimums): such balances stay on the customer until refunded, applied, or…
  • SG-178 No path for an owner who claims after remittance: the escheat cannot be reversed then (TX-058 D7), and refunding the owner directly (reimbursable by the state) is not modeled.
  • SG-179 No early-payment discounts on either side: no discount terms on bills or invoices, no discount taken on a vendor payment (SG-081's other half) or allowed on a cash receipt (SG-030's open part).
  • SG-180 No escheat of vendor property: on the payables side the escheatable property is uncashed vendor checks (the company still owes the payee), which needs a check-cleared state on vendor payments first (SG-087).
  • SG-181 Vendor write-offs have no proposals, aging triggers, or vendor status: nothing suggests a release or an impairment (unlike TX-057 for customers), and a vendor whose balance was written off is not marked (there are no vendor holds, SG-080).
  • SG-182 The credit-loss estimate has one pool per company and TX-019's fixed due-date buckets: receivables cannot be pooled by risk characteristics (customer class, industry, region, or terms), each with its own rate set, or aged in custom buckets.
  • SG-183 Loss rates are entered, not derived: the system computes no historical loss rates (roll-rate or migration analysis of past agings into write-offs), although posted estimates' pool lines and TX-018 write-offs would supply the data.
  • SG-184 Only trade receivables (ar_open_item) carry an allowance.
  • SG-186 Units have no dimension and no standard conversions: KG and LB, or M and FT, are unrelated units, and a product that is bought by the pound and stocked by the kilogram needs its own factor (TX-100 D1).
  • SG-187 One factor per product and unit: a case from one vendor cannot hold 12 while a case from another holds 24, and a customer's box cannot differ from the company's.
  • SG-188 A conversion factor is a decimal with at most six places, so a ratio that is not a finite decimal (an alternate unit holding a third of the base unit) cannot be exact.
  • SG-191 Warehouse, production, return, and opening documents take base units only: picks, put-away, bin and warehouse transfers, counts, goods issues (purchase returns included), kits, production orders, BOMs, opening inventory, and vendor…
  • SG-192 A partial return in base units of an invoice line entered in an alternate unit is priced at the invoice's price per base unit rounded down to four places and rounded to cents per line, so it can differ by cents from the exact share of…
  • SG-193 Credit memo allowance lines (a general credit with no invoice line) take base units only; a goodwill credit of "one case" is entered in eaches.
  • SG-196 Overhead is applied on direct labor hours only, one rate per work center: no machine-hour or unit base and no separate fixed and variable pools, so a capital-intensive cell whose overhead follows machine time is allocated by labor time.
  • SG-197 Labor is recorded as hours per work center on a labor document: no employee master, time capture, labor classes, or payroll link; actual labor cost is recorded where it is today (bank transaction, manual journal), and the applied rate…
  • SG-198 Over-applied conversion cost is prorated on total manufactured cost (WIP, finished goods on hand, the period's manufactured cost of sales), not on the conversion cost each holds: layers carry one cost with no material/conversion split,…
  • SG-200 Under-applied conversion cost is always expensed: there is no option to allocate an under-application caused by a rate estimate (not by low production) into inventory, which ASC 330 permits for variable overhead and normal-capacity…
  • SG-201 One actual-cost pool per kind (labor, overhead) per company: actual and applied are compared company-wide, not per work center, so one cell's over-application can offset another's under-application before disposition.
  • SG-204 A period closes even when a subledger does not tie to its GL accounts: the close snapshot records the difference and warns SUBLEDGER_OUT_OF_TIE, but does not refuse.
  • SG-205 A production order received or closed out after the period end has its share of an over-applied conversion cost redirected to cost of sales (TX-121 D4), even when the goods it produced are still on hand: those goods stay above cost by…
  • SG-206 A conversion disposition is refused while a period-end layer's receipt or transfer shipment, or a period-end order's production receipt, has been reversed after the period end (TX-121 D8): the period-end figures no longer describe what…
  • SG-208 Mutable master data other than the chart, product overrides, and reconciliations keeps no history: customers (payment terms, credit limit, tax-exempt reference, dunning block, addresses, active), vendors (terms, addresses), products'…
  • SG-209 Bank statement lines corrected or deleted before a statement is first reconciled leave no trace: the reconciliation record keeps the lines as they were reconciled, not each draft load.
  • SG-212 No right of setoff is recorded, so overdrafts are never offset against other accounts at the same bank, even where ASC 210-20-45-1's conditions are met; the set always presents them gross (TX-130 D5).
  • SG-213 Equity detail beyond the components and the nature of their changes is not recorded: no share register (shares issued and outstanding, par value, per-share data), no treasury stock, stock-based compensation, or noncontrolling interests,…
  • SG-214 Disclosures whose figures the system does not hold are not generated: revenue disaggregation and contract balances (ASC 606; no segments, SG-094), income taxes (ASC 740), leases (ASC 842), debt maturities and terms (ASC 470), fair value…
  • SG-215 Under-collected vendor tax: when a vendor charges tax at less than the destination's rate (a lower origin rate, or only the state's share), the use tax owed on the difference is not computed; a line is either vendor_charged or use_tax…
  • SG-216 Use tax on purchases paid without a vendor invoice (a bank transaction or card payment booked to expense, TX-040) is not computed; such purchases must go through a vendor invoice to accrue it.
  • SG-217 Goods bought tax-free for resale or as manufacturing components and later consumed by the company itself (samples, internal use, an other goods issue) owe use tax when withdrawn from inventory; nothing computes it.
  • SG-218 A purchase discount does not adjust tax: vendor-charged tax on the bill is paid in full and use tax self-assessed on the gross price is not reduced, though some states compute tax on the price net of cash discounts.
  • SG-219 Discounts are recorded by the gross method only: there is no net method (bills recorded net, discounts lost expensed), no report of discounts lost (available but not taken), and no default discount terms on the vendor master; the terms…
  • SG-220 A write-off of purchased goods lost in transit (a TX-034 other issue from the transit bin) is not linked to the receipt line it came from, so goods_in_transit keeps counting those units until the line is otherwise settled; the view is…
  • SG-221 Title transfer is either at shipment or at arrival: other points (title at a port or a carrier's terminal, consigned stock the vendor still owns on the company's premises, bill-and-hold by a vendor) are not modeled.
  • SG-223 Vendor consideration that pays for distinct goods or services the company provides to the vendor (cooperative advertising, slotting, displays) is not a cost reduction (ASC 705-20-25-1); it is recorded as a credit memo expense line to…
  • SG-224 Bill approval is one sign-off per bill recorded as text: no approval limits by amount, no multi-level or sequential approval, no approver authority or delegation, and one price tolerance per company (no per-vendor or per-product tolerance).
  • SG-225 Segregation of duties is not enforced: the approver is free text and writers are source systems, not people (S-019), so nothing prevents the person who entered a bill from approving it, or the approver from releasing its own hold.
  • SG-230 Freight and other costs of moving stock between companies of a group are not capitalized into the receiver's inventory: the transfer carries only the sender's FIFO cost, and a carrier's bill is an expense of whichever company is billed.
  • SG-231 An intercompany stock transfer matches products across companies by SKU and base unit code only: a receiving company that stocks the item under another SKU or unit cannot receive it, and there is no cross-company product map or unit…
  • SG-232 No parent-and-subsidiary consolidation: ownership percentages, the elimination of a parent's investment against its subsidiary's equity, acquisition accounting (fair values, goodwill, ASC 805), non-controlling interests (ASC 810-10-45),…
  • SG-233 A consolidated (combined) set is read, not issued: there is no permanent record of a group set, no group-level notes (basis of combination and members, ASC 810-10-50; related parties, ASC 850), and no supersede chain like a company's…
  • SG-234 A group consolidates only when every member shares one base currency and one fiscal calendar: a member with another currency (translation, ASC 830) or another year end (the up-to-three-month lag of ASC 810-10-45-12) makes the group set…
  • SG-235 No consolidation (top-side) adjustments and no group chart: group lines match members' accounts by statement section and caption only, so members must align their captions, and there is no group journal for reclassifications,…
  • SG-236 Intercompany interest is not computed and loans between group companies have no terms: an intercompany charge of kind interest (TX-153) carries the amount the caller computed; there is no record of a rate, principal, term, or schedule,…
  • SG-239 Depreciation is straight-line only, monthly from the month after the in-service date with none in the month of disposal (TX-155 D4): no declining-balance or units-of-production method, no mid-month or half-year convention, and no change…
  • SG-240 No impairment of long-lived assets (the ASC 360-10-35-17 recoverability test and write-down) and no held-for-sale classification (ASC 360-10-45-9): an impaired asset keeps its carrying amount until disposed.
  • SG-241 An asset's cost is fixed once it depreciates: no capital additions or improvements after the in-service date, no partial disposals, no cost adjustment by a vendor credit memo, and no construction in progress or capitalized interest (ASC…
  • SG-242 No leases (ASC 842): no right-of-use assets, lease liabilities, or lease cost schedules; operating and finance leases are recorded outside the register by manual journal on unrestricted accounts.
  • SG-248 Exchange rates are one entered spot rate per company, currency, and date: no rate types (average, historical, budget), no rate feeds, and no hedging, forward contracts, or derivatives (ASC 815).
  • SG-250 A bank transaction on a functional-currency bank account cannot carry a line in a foreign currency, so a foreign-currency liability or asset (a euro loan) cannot be settled directly from a dollar account; the bank's conversion is…
  • SG-251 A bank account's currency may have at most two minor units: statements, matches, and reconciliation records are NUMERIC(18,2), so a bank account in a three- or four-decimal currency (Bahraini, Kuwaiti, Omani dinar) is not supported…
  • SG-257 A member is translated from its first entry: its opening balance translates at the cutover rate, so its cumulative translation adjustment starts at zero at go-live.
  • SG-258 The translation adjustment is never released to net income on the sale or liquidation of a foreign member (ASC 830-30-40-1; membership has no dates and cannot end once a member has intercompany documents); highly inflationary economies…
  • SG-260 Every intercompany balance across currencies is treated as settleable: a balance of a long-term-investment nature, whose differences belong in the translation adjustment (ASC 830-20-35-3), cannot be designated; a pair cannot be…
  • SG-262 A foreign unapplied amount's nature is fixed when it is recorded: a deposit whose order is cancelled is refunded, not reclassified as a refundable overpayment; and a prepayment is consumed only by an invoice or bill at its posting,…
  • SG-264 A foreign vendor's opening GRNI line is stated at the cutover rate (TX-162 D11), not its legacy receipt's own rate, so an opening_receipt line's price difference is measured at the cutover rate while the opening inventory it adjusts was…
  • SG-265 A foreign customer's escheat measures the state's payable at the escheat date's rate (TX-169 D3, D6); a state whose rules convert a foreign-currency property at its report or remittance date is not modelled, and the payable is not…
  • SG-267 A write-down is never recovered: US GAAP allows an interim-period write-down that is recovered within the same fiscal year to be reversed in a later interim period (ASC 270-10-45-6), but the system has no recovery document, so a…
  • SG-269 No loss on firm purchase commitments: a firm, non-cancelable, unhedged commitment to buy inventory at a price above its net realizable value needs its expected loss recognized before the goods arrive (ASC 330-10-35-17), as a liability;…
  • SG-274 A disposal group held for sale can hold only fixed assets: receivables, inventory, other assets, and liabilities to be transferred with them are not classified, measured, or presented with the group (ASC 360-10-45-14, 360-10-35-40), and…
  • SG-275 A reduction of an asset's cost after it starts depreciating (a credit memo fixed_asset line or a discount share, TX-195) cannot exceed the asset's carrying amount at its date: the excess, which would reduce later depreciation already…
  • SG-276 A used part returned to the vendor for credit cannot be recorded as one transaction: it is a partial disposal (TX-194) whose proceeds are a vendor credit rather than cash, but a partial disposal's proceeds go only to a bank account and…
  • SG-277 An event dated after a capital addition's or cost reduction's date but within the same month (an impairment, partial disposal, or held-for-sale classification at the month end), posted before that addition or reduction, is not refused…
  • SG-278 Interest can be capitalized only into the company's own fixed assets under construction: other qualifying assets (inventory produced as discrete projects for sale or lease, investments accounted for by the equity method while the…
  • SG-279 A change of plan for an asset held for sale (TX-197) can be recorded only at the end of the period containing the decision and only while no posted run of the company is dated after that period end (TX-197 D6): a decision recorded late,…
  • SG-281 Two reversals remain impossible after TX-198 (S-081).
  • SG-282 An asset held for sale at the cutover cannot be opened as held for sale: the opening fixed_asset section has no classification, and a classification (TX-193) posts only at a period end after that period's run, outside the conversion…
  • SG-283 A self-constructed asset cannot be built through a production order: its parts are issued and its labor applied to the asset directly (TX-200), so an asset build cannot be planned and costed with a bill of materials and routing, nor…
  • SG-286 A short-term lease's cost is recognized as billed, not straight-line: the register records a short_term lease but posts nothing, so uneven payments (a free first month) are not levelled as ASC 842-20-25-2 requires.
  • SG-291 Remeasurements other than a modification or a term or purchase-option reassessment are not supported: a change in the amount probable under a residual value guarantee, the resolution of a contingency that makes variable payments fixed,…
  • SG-296 A lease payment is presented in the statement of cash flows when billed (its lease_payment line reduces the liability), not when paid: a finance lease bill unpaid at the range end presents its principal in financing and the accounts…
  • SG-297 The leases note does not give short-term lease cost, variable lease cost (ASC 842-20-50-4(c), (d)), or sublease income (50-4(e)): those amounts sit on ordinary expense or revenue lines the register cannot identify; and operating lease…
  • SG-298 A lessee's purchase of the underlying asset (TX-212 D11) leaves the asset on the finance lease ROU account, amortized by the lease run over its remaining useful life: its amounts are right (carrying amount adjusted by price less…
  • SG-299 The cash paid to terminate a lease and the price paid to purchase a leased asset are presented in operating activities: both are paid through AP (TX-212 D7) and SG-098 classifies AP by account.
  • SG-300 After an operating lease's ROU asset is impaired, the ROU is amortized straight-line over the remaining term (TX-213 D8).
  • SG-301 An ROU asset in a disposal group classified as held for sale cannot be recorded: TX-193's held-for-sale measurement covers fixed assets only, so a group holding a lease (its ROU asset measured with the group at the lower of carrying…
  • SG-302 The include-the-lease-liability election for asset-group impairment testing is not supported.
  • SG-303 A short-term lease extended without losing the exemption (the remaining term reaching no more than twelve months beyond the previously determined end, ASC 842-20-25-3) remains short-term, but its total term then exceeds twelve months,…
  • SG-304 A lease that commenced in a closed period and was modified (or impaired, or partly terminated) within the closed periods cannot be caught up exactly: TX-215's catch-up recognizes the original terms' schedule through c, and a…
  • SG-305 A purchase return drawn from layers other than the receipt's own (its layer already short, TX-023 D1) after a rebate accrual: the next accrual's return component debits purchase price variance on the assumption that the returned units…
  • SG-306 A purchase return of a covered receipt line after the program's final accrual (the program closed) changes nothing in the rebate: the vendor's chargeback or reduced rebate is recorded by the caller (a memo expense line or a reversal and…
  • SG-307 Rebate tiers and thresholds are terms text, not evaluated: the caller states the estimated rate (the tier it expects to reach) or the cumulative amount on each accrual; the database checks bounds only.
  • SG-309 A rebate accrual's reversal is dated its accrual_date but re-split on the quantities on hand when it is made (the SG-084 rule): goods sold after the accrual date, even in a later period, push their share of the correction into purchase…
  • SG-310 The unrealized intercompany profit is traced only through stock layers (TX-222 D9, and TX-037 and TX-151 transfers at cost): markup in goods the buyer consumes in production (in its WIP and finished goods), in goods a customer returns…
  • SG-311 No sales or use tax on intercompany sales (TX-222 D11): goods bought for resale need none; a buyer that consumes intercompany goods accrues its use tax outside the document.
  • SG-312 The income-tax effect of eliminating intercompany profit (ASC 740-10-25-3(e): tax paid by the seller on profit deferred in the group) is not computed in the combined statements.
  • SG-313 Intercompany sales below the seller's FIFO cost are refused for now (INTERCOMPANY_PRICE_BELOW_COST, TX-222 D6); meanwhile such a group moves stock at cost (TX-151) and the buyer writes down if net realizable value is lower.
  • SG-314 When a buyer writes down intercompany stock (TX-180), the markup it absorbs leaves the deferral, so the combined income statement shows the buyer's write-down and a cost of sales lower by the same amount; net income and inventory are…
  • SG-316 Intercompany adjustments and forgiveness (TX-223) are refused between companies of different base currencies, and adjust only a pair's base-currency balance (the cap reads intercompany_balances_as_of filtered to the base currency): a…
  • SG-317 A forgiveness between two companies under common control (TX-223 common_control) posts only the two companies' entries; the common parent's own entries (if it carries investments in both, a reclassification between them) are its own, by…
  • SG-318 No write-down or credit-loss allowance on an intercompany receivable (TX-223 D3): set aside on the merits, forgiveness being the path.
  • SG-319 Intercompany asset transfers move only at the transferor's carrying amount (TX-224 D3): no transfer price with a gain or loss in the transferor, a receiver's cost at the price, and the combined statements eliminating the unrealized gain…
  • SG-320 Intercompany asset transfers between companies of different base currencies are refused (INTERCOMPANY_CURRENCY_MISMATCH, TX-224 D12): the receiver's historical cost and accumulated depreciation would need the historical rates of each…
  • SG-321 An intercompany asset transfer moves one whole asset (TX-224 D4, D8): no part of an asset (a component split as TX-194's partial disposal), no several assets on one document (one document per asset, one key each), no asset held for sale…
  • SG-322 Opening intercompany lines of pairing separate (different cutover dates, TX-225 D8) are refused between companies of different base currencies (INTERCOMPANY_CURRENCY_MISMATCH): the earlier side's foreign-denominated leg is remeasured at…
  • SG-325 The combined statements (TX-152) are refused at any as-of date at which a member's opening intercompany line is not live in its pair (TX-225 D7, CONSOLIDATION_MEMBER_NOT_CUT_OVER), including the day before a range's start: a group whose…
  • SG-326 Customer rebate programs (TX-226) are refused for a foreign-currency customer (CURRENCY_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED, TX-226 V2): the basis would mix invoices and credits measured at different rates, and the refund liability, a monetary item…
  • SG-327 A return, price credit, or invoice reversal of a covered sale after the program's final accrual (the program closed) changes nothing in the rebate (TX-226 D6): the rebate granted on the returned sale is not clawed back.
  • SG-328 A customer rebate program covers one customer's own invoiced purchases (TX-226 D2): no program across several customers (a buying group's pooled volume), no consideration payable to a customer's customers (indirect channel rebates and…
  • SG-329 A credit memo rebate line carries no sales tax (TX-226 S-095 item 7): where a jurisdiction treats a customer rebate as a reduction of the taxable sale, the tax given back is not computed; the caller adds a separate credit memo against…
  • SG-330 A customer rebate program in flight at go-live has no opening refund liability: the restricted customer_rebate_liability role takes no opening balance line (C5), and the program's basis counts only invoices posted in this system.
  • SG-332 Tax on a foreign-currency invoice or bill that consumes a foreign prepayment (TX-165, invoice_prepayment / vendor_invoice_prepayment) is refused (CURRENCY_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED, TX-227 D11, S-096 item 10): such a document converts at an…
  • SG-333 Tax jurisdictions have no currency: every tax liability is in the company's functional currency (TX-227 D2).
  • SG-334 On a foreign-currency invoice the liability is the conversion of the tax billed in the document currency at the document's rate (TX-227 D3), which can differ by a cent per jurisdiction from the tax on the converted dollar price, or from…
  • SG-336 The unrealized intercompany profit in a buyer's layer is translated in the group's statements at the group's rate on its markup origin's date (TX-228 D7, D10), the date of the sale that last measured the markup: when stock that already…
  • SG-340 An intercompany transfer through a bank in a currency that is neither its side's functional currency nor the pair's denomination is refused (BANK_ACCOUNT_CURRENCY_NOT_SUPPORTED): a foreign-currency bank on the home side of a transfer…
  • SG-341 An intercompany pair across currencies is denominated in one of its two companies' functional currencies (TX-164 D2): a balance denominated in a third currency (both sides foreign: a German and a Canadian member settling in dollars)…
  • SG-342 A long-term-investment designation covers everything a pair of companies owes in either direction (TX-231 D2): each company has one intercompany receivable and one payable account (TX-150 D3), so a pair's permanent loan and its…
  • SG-343 A long-term-investment designation starts and ends on the first day of a fiscal period of both companies, after every remeasurement (posted or reversed) of the pair's foreign side (TX-231 D3): a change of intent within a period would…